How pressure affects your ears at depth, which ear conditions are compatible with diving, step-by-step equalisation, the warning signs that mean stop, and when to see a doctor.
25 May 2025 · updated 27 February 2026 · by Bryan Roseman
Ear issues represent one of the most common concerns for both new and experienced divers. Understanding how pressure affects your ears underwater, recognising potential problems, and knowing when it’s safe to continue your underwater adventures can make the difference between enjoyable sessions and serious medical issues.
Medical disclaimer. This article provides general information only. Always consult a qualified diving medical professional before making decisions about your ability to take part in underwater activities. Individual medical conditions require personalised assessment.
| Depth | Absolute pressure | Compared with the surface |
|---|---|---|
| Surface | 1 ATM | Normal |
| 10 m | 2 ATM | 2× pressure |
| 20 m | 3 ATM | 3× pressure |
| 30 m | 4 ATM | 4× pressure |
Atmospheric pressure increases significantly with depth, and equalisation becomes more challenging the deeper you go.
Generally safe. Previous ear infections that have completely resolved typically don’t prevent future underwater activities. However, medical clearance is recommended before returning to the water.
Proceed with caution. Slight hearing impairment may be manageable with proper techniques and medical guidance. Professional assessment is required to determine safe limits.
Avoid until resolved. Current infections, inflammation or discharge make underwater activities dangerous. Wait for complete recovery and medical clearance.
Professional assessment. Holes in the eardrum require specialised medical evaluation. Some cases may be manageable with proper precautions and equipment.
Temporary restriction. Post-surgical ears need time to heal properly. Follow your surgeon’s recommendations for returning to water activities — typically 6–12 weeks minimum.
Modified approach. Ongoing sinus problems can affect your ability to equalise. They may require special techniques, careful medication timing or depth limitations.
| Medical history | Required action | Typical outcome |
|---|---|---|
| No previous ear problems | Standard medical questionnaire | Cleared for all activities |
| Occasional ear infections | Medical evaluation recommended | Usually cleared with precautions |
| Chronic ear issues | Specialist clearance required | May have depth or time restrictions |
| Ear surgery history | Surgeon and dive medical approval | Individual assessment needed |
| Current ear symptoms | Postpone until symptoms resolve | Wait for medical clearance |
Tip. If you experience any unusual ear sensations during or after underwater activities, seek medical attention promptly. Early intervention can prevent serious complications and protect your long-term ability to enjoy water sports.
Need professional guidance on ear safety? La Bombona Diving takes your ear health seriously: our instructors go through the medical questionnaire with you, teach equalisation patiently, keep depth profiles conservative when there is a medical concern, and there are several clinics around the island if you need a doctor’s opinion. If you have concerns, always ask a doctor who specialises in diving medicine first — then come and try diving with us from 2,500 ฿.
Consult a healthcare provider if you experience:
Remember, ear health should never be compromised for underwater activities. With proper medical guidance, conservative approaches and professional instruction, many people with ear concerns can safely enjoy the underwater world. Always prioritise your long-term health over short-term adventure.
Yes. La Bombona Diving specialises in working with nervous beginners and those with medical considerations. Our instructors are trained to identify ear problems early and provide individual attention to ensure safe, comfortable experiences for everyone.
Swimming ability and ear health are separate considerations. While basic swimming skills are required for safety, ear problems don't necessarily prevent you from learning if they are properly managed. A medical assessment will determine your suitability for underwater activities.
For those with ear sensitivities, shallow sites like Japanese Gardens (maximum 12 metres) or Mango Bay (6–14 metres) provide excellent learning environments with minimal pressure changes and easy access to the surface if needed.
La Bombona Diving stands out for medical considerations with small class sizes, patient instructors and conservative training approaches. We keep detailed medical protocols and work closely with local medical facilities when needed.
Standard beginner programmes start in confined water (pool or shallow bay) and then progress to a maximum depth of 6–12 metres. For those with ear concerns, even more conservative depth limits may be recommended initially, with gradual progression as comfort increases.
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